Going Back to the Basics :: Teaching Philosophy Education Essays

Going stomach to the Basics Education is a truly sensitive topic to discuss among adults. Many adults loss the program line to be based on a system of ideas that is progressive (which is a system naughty in the aspect of individuality), some want perennialism (which is the statement of philosophies that have stood the test of time over hundreds of years), and some, resembling myself, want to take it back to the way it utilise to be (essentialism). Education as defined by Websters Collegiate Dictionary is the action or process of education or organism educated. I believe that the way education was presented in the aside worked well and that education should remain to be taught the same. For education to be taught the same as it were in the past, umteen things have to change. There are too numerous electives being taught in public schools today, there is too much acceptance on certain things like tardiness, absences, and behavior, there are non severe lavish punishments for students who break the rules, and the curricula is too easy. To chance this we necessitate to put a strong work ethic into the children and to do that you need a tough and challenging record throughout the schooling process. As a physical educator I would do this by not just rolling out a evening gown and telling the students to play, but by teaching them certain skills it takes to become a physically operate person. In making a person physically fit, you need to teach them the factors of being fit like how to eat a healthy diet, how to exercise square-toedly, proper hygiene, and how much sleep to demoralize. I think that the only(prenominal) thing that you get out of education, is what you put in it. To become a smart, balanced, and intelligent person you must put forth all effort in getting an education. To the layperson, education is merely something that needs to be done to get through life and to get a good job, but to me education i s making yourself into a better person, and a person who knows what they want out of life. I believe that you need not learn all this extra curricula that is being taught in many of todays schools like philosophy of ideas, mythology, media, and classes like the printing press.Going Back to the Basics Teaching Philosophy Education EssaysGoing Back to the Basics Education is a very sensitive topic to discuss among adults. Many adults want the education to be based on a system of ideas that is progressive (which is a system high in the aspect of individuality), some want perennialism (which is the teaching of philosophies that have stood the test of time over hundreds of years), and some, like myself, want to take it back to the way it used to be (essentialism). Education as defined by Websters Collegiate Dictionary is the action or process of education or being educated. I believe that the way education was presented in the past worked well and that education should rema in to be taught the same. For education to be taught the same as it were in the past, many things have to change. There are too many electives being taught in public schools today, there is too much acceptance on certain things like tardiness, absences, and behavior, there are not severe enough punishments for students who break the rules, and the curricula is too easy. To chance this we need to put a strong work ethic into the children and to do that you need a tough and challenging schedule throughout the schooling process. As a physical educator I would do this by not just rolling out a ball and telling the students to play, but by teaching them certain skills it takes to become a physically fit person. In making a person physically fit, you need to teach them the factors of being fit like how to eat a healthy diet, how to exercise properly, proper hygiene, and how much sleep to get. I think that the only thing that you get out of education, is what you pu t in it. To become a smart, balanced, and intelligent person you must put forth all effort in getting an education. To the layperson, education is merely something that needs to be done to get through life and to get a good job, but to me education is making yourself into a better person, and a person who knows what they want out of life. I believe that you need not learn all this extra curricula that is being taught in many of todays schools like philosophy of ideas, mythology, media, and classes like the printing press.

Roland Barthes :: Rhetoric of the Image

Roland BarthesThe work of Roland Barthes (1915-80), the cultural theorist and analyst, embraces a wide range of cultural phenomena, including advertising, fashion, food, and wrestling. He focus on cultural phenomena as language systems, and for this reason we might think of him as a structuralist. In these notes, I provide a short write of this influential figure, together with a synopsis of his seminal essay, Rhetoric of the Image, a model for semiological analysis of all kinds.* * * * *This cultural theorist and analyst was born in Cherbourg, a port-city northwest of Paris. His parents were Louis Barthes, a naval officer, and Henriette Binger. His father died in 1916, during combat in the North Sea. In 1924, Barthes and his mother moved to Paris, where he attended (1924-30) the middle school Montaigne. Unfortunately, he spent long periods of his youth in sanatoriums, undergoing treatment for TB. When he recovered, he studied (1935-39) French and the classics at the University of Paris. He was exempted from military service during WW II (he was ill with TB during the period 1941-47). Later, when he wasnt undergoing treatment for TB, he taught at a variety of schools, including the Lycees Voltaire and Carnot. He taught at universities in Rumania (1948-49) and Egypt (1949-50) before he joined (in 1952) the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, where he devoted his time to sociology and lexicology.Barthes academic career fell into three phases. During the first phase, he concentrated on demystifying the stereotypes of bourgeois culture (as he put it). For example, in Writing degree Zero (1953), Barthes examined the link between writing and biography he studied the historical conditions of literary language and the difficulty of a modern practice of writing. Committed to language, he argued, the writer is at once caught up in particular winding orders, the socially instituted forms of writing, a set of signs (a myth) of literature--hence the search fo r an unmarked language, before the closure of myth, a writing degree zero.During the years 1954-56, Barthes wrote a series of essays for the magazine called Les Lettres nouvelles, in which he exposed a Mythology of the Month, i.e., he showed how the denotations in the signs of popular culture betray connotations which are themselves myths generated by the larger sign system that makes up society. The harbour which contains these studies of everyday signs--appropriately enough, it is entitled Mythologies (1957)--offers his meditations on many topics, such as striptease, the New Citroen, steak and chips, and so on.

The Real Purpose of a University Education Essay -- Argumentative Educ

The Real Purpose of a University EducationAll my life I knew I would be attending college. on that point never seemed to be any other option available as far as I knew. I never really stopped to esteem about whether or not it was necessary for me, or why it was so important I was just funneled into the college curriculum in high school. I sop up attended the University of Arkansas for three years now, and have heard two main arguments over the purpose of a college education. One is that college is a place to hang back for a job, and the other is that college should be an institute of higher learning with no real focus on a future job. Challenged to form an opinion on this matter, I finally decided that neither side is absolutely right. In fact, I decided that the purpose of college should not even be an issue. College is what the student owns it. all the same they view college, all of the students will come out with some very similar experiences and benefits. I often hear professors grumbling about students who dont value learning for the sake of learning. They feel that students who view college as job training may as well be in some vocational school, leaving university life for the more enlightened among us. This seems ridiculous to me. The majority of people in the United States will have to sign jobs in order to stand out themselves or their families until retirement. So, you may as well program to get a good job that pays well and you enjoy. What better place to plan and train for a future job that college? First of all, college provides students with an opportunity to explore different subjects and to find out what they truly love doing. Also, according to a 1994 College Board Study, college students will make an av... ...this, imagine the possibilities of a college education. Obviously, all of these things that you gain from college that I have discussed in reference to society could also be applied to finding jobs. A potent iality employer would find any of these qualities attractive. However, as already mentioned, this is beside the point. I think we should stop wasting time fussing over the purpose of a university education, and simply make it any(prenominal) you want it to be. If youre here to get prepared for a job, then do it. While youre at it, learn something you did not necessarily plan to. You may enjoy it. If youre here to move around absorb knowledge like a sponge, then do it. While youre at it, you get ready for a future career. You may need a job someday. It doesnt matter if you attend college to get a job or to become enlightened--the benefits will come either way.

A Character Analysis of Sir Gawain as Presented In Sir Gawain and The G

A Character Analysis of Sir Gawain as Presented In Sir Gawain and The common land KnightIn Sir Gawain and The potassium Knight, the component of Sir Gawain is skillfully brought to deportment by the unknown author. Through the eyes of numerous characters in the poem, we see Gawain as a noble knight who is the epitome of chivalry he is loyal, simple and above all told, courteous. As the story progresses, Gawain is subjected to a number of tests of character, some known and some unknown. These tests tell us a great deal about Gawains character and the struggles he faces internally. I will explore the various places in the poem where we learn about Gawain, either through others or through the tests he faces. By the end of the poem, we sense that we crap come to know Gawain and have ventured a peek at his human side. However, we also realize that nothing short of nonsuch is acceptable to him. Our first glimpse of Gawain occurs when the Green Knight suddenly appears at the New Yea rs celebration at Camelot. He offers a challenge for anyone to come preceding and strike him with his ax. Twelve months and a day later, he will return the blow. No one steps forward to accept the dare. Embarrassed by his knights miss of response, King Arthur accepts the challenge himself. At the fateful moment when Arthur is about to strike the blow, Gawain jumps up and says Would you grant me the grace,To be gone from this bench and stand by you there,If I without discourtesy might quit this board,...I am the weakest, well I know, and of wit feeblestAnd the loss of my life would be least of anyThat I have you for uncle is my only praiseMy body, but for your blood, is barren of worthAnd for that this folly befits not a king,And tis I that ... ...ee that Gawain is not the perfect knight he strives to be. Neither we, nor the Green Knight, nor his fellow knights of the Round Table hold him to this standard of perfection. We read about the turmoil Gawain experiences thinking about h is impending death at the hands of the Green Knight, and we understand why he accepts the girdle. We know he remains true until his fear of death overcomes him. All this proves he is only human. Yet Gawain only sees that he has been inconsistent in upholding the chivalric code, and this means failure to him. This is an indication of the standard Gawain has set for himself, and we see why he has the reputation he has. Despite all that has happened, Gawain is still a loyal, noble, honest and courteous knight. Quotations from Abrams, M. H. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. New York W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1993.

Human Resource Management Essay -- Business Management Studies Essays

Human Resource ManagementBusinesses use different motivational techniques to affirmemployees happy, it is important to keep employees happy so that they work effectively and efficiently. The HR department will spend lots ondifferent ideas to try and keep their employees working hard oftenincluding rewards for hard work or constant attendance or even by insome cases punishing workers for not working to their potential.I will look into different cultures, motivational theories andtechniques, job delight, the importance of management styles, is silver the only motivator and employee demotivation.Examples of motivational techniquesIn 1943 Abraham Maslow suggested that all people pay back ahierarchy of needs. He said that a person is motivated by his or herown needs, so he developed this pyramid. He believed that once someonehad achieved one level of needs then they would want to move onto ahigher level of need.Douglas McGregors X and Y possiblenessIn the 1960s Douglas McGregor deve loped the ideas of theory X andtheory Y. Theory X is the panorama that people really dont want to dowork and if they can avoid doing the work in anyway they will try to.This means that they are being persuaded to work by being given moneyor rewards and must be closely supervised and controlled so that theywill do their work.Theory Y is the belief that humans can be bear upon by being givenresponsibility and strive to prove themselves. This management styleis the view that the work itself can be rewarding and given the uprightconditions then they will strive to achieve goals and targets.Frederick Herzbergs two factor theoryThis American psychologisat research in the 1950s led him to developthe two-factor theory of job satisfaction. Many criticised him fordrawing conclusions about workers as a whole from a sample drawn fromjust accountants and engineers, although his theory has proved veryrobust.His view was that the factors related to job satisfaction can bedivided into two those that only have the potential to provide apositive job satisfaction and those that can only causedissatisfaction. Hygiene FactorsHygiene factors are based on the need to for a business to avoidunpleasantness at work. If these factors are considered unequal byemployees, then they can cause dissatisfaction with work... ...vate them to do their work, work for certaincompanies and explains unhappiness levels at jobs which do notchallenge their workers such as Mcdonalds etceteraMotivation on a project depends on* The project culture* Often established by the project manger* The projects reward system* If in that location is one* The work content* Especially if it is challenging* The working environment* Especially if it is conducive to creativity* The supervision* Especially if it is a source of accomplishment* And not overbearing* And the opportunity to networkMotivating FactorsProject turn-ons* Recognition* Increased responsibility and status* Advancement* fortune for intellectual growth* Opportunity for personal achievement* Flexible working* Variety and the job itself* Good communication* The leaders enthusiasmDe-motivating FactorsProject turn-offs-----------------* Constraints of company policy and administration* An over-bearing bureaucracy* Below-average remuneration* Poor quality supervision* Poor communications* A poor working environment* Either sociologically or physically* A detrimental attitude of the project leader

Human Resource Management Essay -- Business Management Studies Essays

Human Resource ManagementBusinesses use different motivational techniques to keepemployees happy, it is important to keep employees happy so that they maneuver effectively and efficiently. The HR department get out spend lots ondifferent ideas to try and keep their employees working overweight oftenincluding rewards for hard work or constant attendance or even by insome cases punishing workers for not working to their potential.I will wait on into different cultures, motivational theories andtechniques, bloodline satisfaction, the importance of management styles, ism singley the all motivator and employee demotivation.Examples of motivational techniquesIn 1943 Abraham Maslow suggested that all people have a pecking order of needs. He said that a person is motivated by his or herown needs, so he develop this pyramid. He believed that once someonehad achieved one level of needs so they would want to move onto ahigher level of need.Douglas McGregors X and Y theoryIn the 1960s Dou glas McGregor developed the ideas of theory X andtheory Y. Theory X is the view that people really dont want to dowork and if they can vitiate doing the work in anyway they will try to.This means that they are being persuaded to work by being given moneyor rewards and must be closely supervised and controlled so that theywill do their work.Theory Y is the belief that humans can be stimulated by being givenresponsibility and strive to prove themselves. This management styleis the view that the work itself can be rewarding and given the rightconditions then they will strive to achieve goals and targets.Frederick Herzbergs two factor theoryThis American psychologisat research in the 1950s led him to developthe two-factor theory of job satisfaction. many criticised him fordrawing conclusions about workers as a whole from a sample drawn fromjust accountants and engineers, although his theory has proved veryrobust.His view was that the factors related to job satisfaction can bedivided into two those that only have the potential to provide apositive job satisfaction and those that can only causedissatisfaction. Hygiene FactorsHygiene factors are based on the need to for a business to avoidunpleasantness at work. If these factors are considered inadequate byemployees, then they can cause dissatisfaction with work... ...vate them to do their work, work for certaincompanies and explains unhappiness levels at jobs which do notchallenge their workers such as Mcdonalds etc.Motivation on a pop the question depends on* The project culture* Often established by the project manger* The projects reward system* If there is one* The work content* Especially if it is challenging* The working environment* Especially if it is conducive to creativity* The supervision* Especially if it is a source of learning* And not authoritative* And the opportunity to networkMotivating FactorsProject turn-ons* Recognition* Increased responsibility and status* Advancement* Opportunity for int ellectual growth* Opportunity for personal transaction* Flexible working* Variety and the job itself* Good communication* The leaders enthusiasmDe-motivating FactorsProject turn-offs-----------------* Constraints of company policy and administration* An over-bearing bureaucracy* Below-average compensation* Poor quality supervision* Poor communications* A poor working environment* Either sociologically or physically* A negative attitude of the project leader

PepsiCo’s Restaurants Essay

In the case study, PepsiCo is considering in Carts of Colorado and/or California Pizza Kitchen. Senior Management is faced with the question of whether the incumbent capital investment in order to purchase one or both of the avocationes can be profitable for each of the acquired personal credit linees, but must too take into consideration that the additional business units will not hinder the profitability PepsiCo itself. Would investing in other companies be the best way to thunder PepsiCo? This question is important beca design it could affect the success of the company. By investing in a company PepsiCo started from Pepsi-Cola and then moved into a more(prenominal) diversified business with mainly soft drinks, snack foods and restaurants.In early 1990s, PepsiCos restaurant business is composed of Pizza Hut, Taco Bell and KFC, all of them are business leaders in their segment. 1By investing in C1a1r1t1s1 1o1f1 1C1o1l1o1r1a1d1o1, it1 1w1o1u1l1d1 1e1n1a1b1l1e1 1P1e1p1s1i1C1o1 1 t1o1 1e1n1t1e1r1 1n1e1w1 1m1a1r1k1e1t1 1a1n1d1 1n1e1w1 1c1u1s1t1o1m1e1r1s1 1a1n1d1 1h1e1l1p1 1t1o1 1a1c1c1e1l1e1r1a1t1e1 1t1h1e1 1s1a1l1e1s1 1g1r1o1w1t1h1 1b1e1s1i1d1e1s1 1o1f1 1o1r1g1a1n1i1c1 1g1r1o1w1t1h. The Cart of Colorados (COC) industry is subject to strict government regulations and the uncertain demand for carts and kiosks, so the attractor to enter this industry is between low and medium. COC had succeeded in purchasing their largest competitor that generated sales of $2.5 million in 1990, which gives them potential to grow in the manufacturing and merchandising of energetic food carts and kiosks industry.PepsiCo will gain competitive advantage for its link with COC because it will be able to customize the carts and kiosk for its fast food chain it is more aligned with PepsiCos current strategies of quick service. However, the tradeoff will be PepsiCo may focus on too many different strategies and product markets. snap on the same customer targets can minimize this trad eoff. It will be an advantage for PepsiCo should go and form a strategic alliance with COC. PepsiCo can use the carts to expand their KFC, Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut businesses. In my opinion, I think it would be in PepsiCos best interest to invest in the devil companies because in this case they are both successful and would help boost PepsiCo sales.

Hinduism and Buddhism Essay

Hinduism and Buddhism be two of the renowned religions world widely. Hinduism is the religion of the great majority of the people of India. The word comes from the Sanskrit sindhu, river, and to begin with referred to the Indus. Hinduism is actu wholey a collection of many native Indian religions, past and present. It is responsible for the social structure of India, especially for the caste system (a hereditary branch system). Hinduism has about 20 sects, with beliefs that range from primitive forms of animism to the highest reaches of mysticism and philosophy.Many of the sects and cults seem to be separate religions. Yet all have a family relationship since they skip from common traditions and thrive. Hindus believe in rebirth, or reincarnation, and in what they call the law of karma. Under this law the conditions of each new lifetime are determined by the actions of the preceding life. To the Hindu, salvation consists of liberating the soul from attachment to worldly believes in order to gain union with Brahman. If a Hindu dies liberated he must be born again into this world and again endure its suffering (Stutley, 2004).The Vedas describe four main castes. 1. The Brahmins exercise spiritual power. (Brahmin is also spelled Brahman). 2. The Kshatriyas are warriors who exercise blase power. 3. The Vaisyas are merchants and cultivators. 4. The Sudras are artisans and laborers. Hindu worship for more or less part takes place in the home. A Hindu temple or shrine is considered an abode of deity and is not used for communal worship. There are kinds of Hindu clergy. Temple priests collect offerings and care for the temples and shrines.Domestic priests perform rites involving births, marriages, and deaths. Gurus are spiritual teachers. Sadhus are monks most live in monasteries, but many live as wandering mendicants (beggars) (Chaudhuri, 1999). While Buddhism is a religion founded by Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha, or The Enlightened One) in India about 500 B. C. Buddhism is the chief religion of Burma, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Kampuchea, Laos, and China. It has been estimated that about one-fifth of the worlds people are Buddhists.Because many Buddhists also practice Confucianism or Taoism, however, or so authorities estimate world membership to be much smaller. In the United States, there are a number of organized Buddhist congregations (Carrithers, 2003). Buddhism consists of legion(predicate) sects with varying practices and beliefs. Some of these sects are so different from the others that they appear to be separate religions. But all sects have in common the belief that they are following the principles laid down by Gautama.Early Buddhism, the religion as taught by Gautama, developed into two branchesTheravada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism (Mizuno, 2001). Although Buddhism was originally a reform movement that jilted certain beliefs and practices of Hinduism, the two religions have several important beliefs in common. Among them are reincarnation, the ideas that a living thing can be reborn in a new body the law of karma, which holds that events in life are effects whose cause lies in previous lives and acts and liberation, or salvation, the state of being free of the law of karma and rebirth (Conze, 2002).According to Buddhism, liberation is attained through understanding and practice of the Four Noble Truths 1. There is suffering in life. 2. Suffering is caused by desire for pleasure, existence, and prosperity. 3. Suffering and rebirth cease when one ceases such desires, leading to enlightenment, or Nirvana, a blessed state in which peace, harmony, and joy are attained. The Eightfold racetrack is also called the Middle Waybecause of its emphasis on avoiding such extremes as following sensuous pleasures on the one hand, and self-punishment on the other.The Buddhists must at all times observe in the high moral principles described in the Eightfold path, which emphasizes nonviolence and t he brotherhood of all.Reference1. Carrithers, Michael. The Buddha (Oxford University 2003). 2. Chaudhuri, N. C. Hinduism A Religion to Live by (Oxford University, 1999). 3. Conze, Edward. A Short History of Buddhism (Allen & Unwin, 2002). 4. Mizuno, Kogen. Basic Buddhist Concepts (Tuttle, 2001). 5. Stutley, Margaret & James. Harpers Dictionary of Hinduism Its Mythology, Folklore, Philosophy, Literature, and History (Harper & Row, 2004).

Pre Sessional Research Essay Sustainability Environmental Sciences Essay

With the growing of its economic brass, population and among other views, china is confronting a huge job with sustainable development. Particularly in megacity like capital of Red China, imparting is the cardinal issue. The big invoice of private autos and the increasing figure of people wind to this effect. This essay is intend to demo the schemes to accomplish sustainability in rapture in capital of Red China. Sustainable solutions post be made by the authorities or capital interior decorator to burn smoothen the human develop impact to environment. The intent of the essay is exemplifying the state of personal matters and jobs of ecstasy in China and give solutions.In this essay, foremost of all told, will present the economic system and population state of affairs of megacities in China and so demo the conveyance status. Then three big jobs will be illust tempod in the 2nd portion. After that, it will give the definition of sustainable urbanism and turn to the impor tance of sustainable urbanism with regard to these issues. Then, is the debut of a type of state-supported sustainable conveyance system. Some possible schemes that can utilize in Beijing to work let on these jobs will be illustrated at the terminal.Situation of urban conveyance in megacities in ChinaThe current traffic state of affairs in China is non optimistic. Recent quondam(a) ages, China has been known as a Potential world power because of its tremendous populations and billowing economic system. For the speedy development of most metropoliss in China, in that location ar many challenges to face. As a consequence, the intelligent urban transit system brings a batch of societal issues particularly environmental jobs.There atomic number 18 several facets that taking to a complicated conveyance system. Nowadays, the Chinese population is over 1.3 billion which makes China the most thickly settled state in the population, accounting for one fifth of the universe s entire p opulation and continues to increase. ( Liu & A Bai, 2008 ) . For case, Beijing, one of the megacities similarly the capital in China, is the field of study political, economic, every small-arm good as civilization centre. Beijing s population history for merely 1.2 per centum of the whole state s, whereas the green goodss astir(predicate) 3.7 per centum of China s national Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) ( National Bureau of Statistics of China 2007 ) . Indeed, the most portion of GDP is contributed by metropolis population. To be to a greater extent Pierces the government income of its urban occupants is 1.7 times the national degree. ( Oliver et al. 2009 ) . QQa?20120815004119.pngFigure 1 Chart of urbanisation advancement in China. ( Transport Unit, Infrastructure Dept. , East Asia & A Pacific Region 2005 )Furthermore, with the rapid growing of economic system and population in China, people s life criterions and incomes continue to lift. Therefore, there is a big ingestion demand of the measure of vehicle in China. Not merely for private autos, but besides for public The measure of coach reached a reasonably high degree and the runway conveyance has been developed in some megacities like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou. The undermentioned figure is about the vehicle possessing from1985 to 2007 in China and foreground the Numberss in Beijing. QQa?20120815005916.pngFigure 2 Vehicle Population Growth in China and Beijing ( Oliver et al. 2009 )As shown, China had a big addition in vehicle population in about two decennaries and these are peculiarly fast in Beijing, particularly after the twelvemonth 2000. Until 2009, the officially registered motor vehicles in Beijing were soared from 0.7 to 3.6 million. ( Oliver et al. 2009 ) .The consequence of with child(p) conveyance on the environmentThe immense sum of vehicle population is the chief cause of traffic jobs. Most of megacities in China have an highly heavy traffic. Thus, many sorts of societal and en vironmental jobs will happen within this state of affairs.The most outstanding job is air pollution caused by the emanations from vehicles. The major pollutant among all harmful gas is carbon dioxide. As we can see in this pie chart China s C emanations accounted for about a one-fourth of the universe s. Besides the line graph indicates that during the twelvemonth 1970 to 2010, the figure in China grew dramatically, particularly after 1995.world-carbon-emissions.gif.Figure 3 World C emanation ( China s Energy Efficiency Gains, February 27th, 2009 )Transportation system is one of the chief countries of nursery gas emanations. From 1994 to 2004, the China s mean one-year growing rate is about 4 % of nursery gas emanations. ( Leggett, 2011 )Therefore, due to the big figure of transit activities, the great ingestion of fuel would be another challenge. One of import facet of this job is the developing fabrication engineerings used in the Chinese motor vehicle industry and less developed care of autos. A typical case of this is the Beijing Jeep 212 expends 13 to 15 litres of oil while travel 100 kilometres and its overall dynamic public presentation is weak. This fuel ingestion rate is between 50 and100 per centum greater than the same type of landrover manufactured in industrialised states. ( He and Cheng, 2000 ) .Furthermore, due to the big measure of motor vehicles in China, traffic jam became a serious issue bit by bit. A study says that people in Beijing s mean commutation clip is the wantest among all the metropoliss in China, which takes 1.32 hours. Some of the chief roots in Beijing in haste hours merely like huge lay batch. Other megacities in China besides have similar job. So that, for the awful surface-transportation, more and more people depend on public conveyance like resistance.Sustainable urbanism s function in these jobsAs for these important conveyance issue caused by the rapid development of China, sustainable schemes should be used in urban d esign. Sustainable urbanism is a research topic which fundamentally focuses on the jobs between worlds and the urban environment they live in. Steffen defined this field as an inter-disciplinary topic. He says kB Urbanism is by definition interdisciplinary it requires the coaction of landscape designers, applied scientists, urban contrivers, ecologists, conveyance contrivers, physicists, psychologists, sociologists, economic experts and other specializers, in add-on to designers and urban interior decorators. ( 2011 )Harmonizing to Herbert Girardet, a sustainable metropolis enables all its citizensto run into their ain demand and to heighten their wellbeing, without degradingthe natural universe or the lives of other people, now or in the hereafter . ( 2004, P.6. ) . Therefore, one benefit of utilizing sustainable urbanism is the decrease of pollution. To accomplish this, most importance, is to maintain something traveling over the long tally. ( Adhya, Plowright, and Stevens, 2 010 ) That is to state that sustainable urbanism is a long term procedure. The personal manner people get along with the environment, how life continued is the procedure.Example of a sort of sustainable conveyance systemIn fact, utilizing public conveyances to let go of conveyance force per unit areas is a sort of sustainable scheme. Some metropoliss in China have an advanced conveyance system. At U.S. Transportation Research scorecard ( TRB ) one-year meeting, Guangzhou, Zhongshan Road Bus Rapid Transit ( BRT ) system won the 2011 sustainable Transport Award , issued by the Sustainable Transport Award Commission. This is the initial clip that a Chinese metropolis had received this award.A Bus Rapid Transit ( abbreviated BRT ) is a sort of a new public conveyance system between Rapid Rail Transit ( abbreviated RRT ) and Normal Bus Transit ( abbreviated NBT ) . This system is a manner of monolithic transit of people. It has normally been referred to as the resistance system on th e land . It is a alone urban rider conveyance system that used youthful coach engineering every bit good as intelligent traffic and operations direction, to do the coach bridle-path roads and building of a new coach station to accomplish the rail conveyance operator services.The undermentioned illustration can demo bus rapid theodolite system can work expeditiously. If a carriageway used by a auto, it will let seven hundred autos base on balls by, that is about 2,000 people. However if the lane is designed for coach rapid theodolite, there will be 100 coach passed by per hr, that can be transported about 15,000 people. In the state of affairs of the mass population in China, coach rapid theodolite system practise of a little portion of route resources expeditiously and besides can guarantee that most of the population in the metropolis is fluxing.Besides, utilizing a BRT system besides can cut down the usage of private vehicles and can treasure the air. If the public transit be comes truly convenient and comfy, some of the auto proprietor might abandon the old manner. Furthermore, the ingestion of fuel might cut down and the more of import than this is that it can restrict the emanation of vehicles. Besides, by utilizing this system, will cut down the route screen landed estate and give abode more free infinite. As Elkin and McLaren said the demand for roads chows into the metropolis s public unfastened infinite. ( 1991, P52. )Particular solutions in BeijingBeijing has a population of 15 million and held a measure over 3 million vehicles. And the figure is billowing at an dismaying rate of 1,500 per twenty-four hours. For such a megacity in China, there are three solutions that can take to a sustainable development of conveyance.First, urban contrivers should pay attending to the route betterment. The rational allotment traffic watercourse and stock(a) flow should be based on the existent state of affairs of different subdivisions. For illustration, for two narrow parallel streets utilizing unidirectional shunt method. Besides Beijing has to take advantage of the bing planning methods in other topographic points. Such as the concept high-accessible and high coverage of urban transit web constructing high-efficient urban conveyance services system and better coach service degrees and the urban traffic safety. Until now, there merely are merely three BRT line in Beijing. Because the particular bus manner of Beijing s BRT line is less and there are many assorted line subdivisions. So it is non fast visual modality and there is no coach in the haste hours and societal vehicle ever occupancy the coach lanes. Consummate the BRT system will do Beijing accomplish more comfy and more efficient public conveyance conditions.In add-on, the betterment of vehicle is besides indispensable. China has already begun to utilize pick energy coachs, but the measure of these sort of coach is little. Clean energy is like H energy or ethanol energy. We need to increase the usage of such a clean energy scheme in conveyance. Besides it is of import to better vehicle public presentation and cut down the vehicle kilometres travelled ( VKT ) .Furthermore, authorities demands to transport out economic policy and public policy to cover with the traffic jobs. They should enforcing auto purchase revenue enhancement to cut down the volume of car trade, so as to command the figure the vehicles on route. Besides a part of economic subsidies is needed to back up the betterment of the public conveyance environment and the development of new energy vehicles. Finally, bettering emanation criterions is the best manner to command high-emission autos going in the metropolis. The authorities should besides promote people to walk or rhythm to school or work.DecisionIn decision, to plan a conveyance system in a sustainable manner is the tendency of development. The ground that the ingestion of vehicles is billowing is that the quickly developing econo mic and the increasing figure of populations. However, this consequence leads to a big sum of gas pollution, helter-skelter traffic and waste of non-renewable energy. Due to these jobs, sustainability of a metropolis will be a cardinal portion of urban design.It is no uncertainty that we can non lie in a topographic point without fresh air. Therefore, we need to protect the environment for ourselves and do it sustainable for our kids. Therefore, people live in the urban country should nt merely wait for authorities policy to restrict or explicate. Never get tired of making small good things to the environment. Every bantam essay of any metropolis occupant will garner together and hold a immense power that can alter the universe.

Agency Problem – Essay

I partially agree with the statement that jitneys come a severely limited amount of discretion to pursue actions inconsistent with shareholder wealth maximization. By investing in a club, shareholders aim to maximize their wealth and achieve portfolio diversification. The objective of managers is assumed to be to further these raises by maximizing the firms share cheer. This can be achieved by taking on projects with positive NPV and good management of short- term great and long-term debt.However, shareholders and managers are assumed to want to maximize their utilities so this objective whitethorn not forever and a day be the priority for managers as they whitethorn rather prefer to maximize their own wealth or further other personal interests of theirs. This conflict of interest between the two is an example of the superstar agent problem. The whizz agent problem occurs repayable to two reasons. The first is the separation of ownership from control the principal or the s hareholders may own a corporation but it is the agent or manager who holds control of it and acts on their behalf.This gives managers the power to do things without necessarily universe detected by shareholders. The second is that shareholders may not possess the same information as the manager. The manager would have access to management accounting selective information and financial reports, whereas the shareholders would only receive annual reports, which may be subject to manipulation. Thus asymmetric information also come abouts to moral hazard and adverse natural selection problems. The following are areas where the interests of shareholders and managers often conflict Managers may try to expropriate shareholders wealth in a number of ways. They may over consume perks such(prenominal) as using company credit cards for personal expenses, jet planes etc. Empire building Managers may pursue a suboptimal expansion manner for the firm. They may expand the firm at a rationally unfeasible rate in order to increase their own benefits at the cost of shareholders wealth. Managers may be more risk averse than shareholders who typically hold diversified portfolios. Managers may not have the same motivation as shareholders, likely due to a lack of proper incentives. Managers may window dress financial statements in order to optimize bonuses or justify sub optimal strategies The principal agent problem normally leads to agency costs. This has been identified by Jensen and Meckling(1976) as the sum of 1. Monitoring costs Costs incurred by the shareholders when they attempt to monitor or control the actions of managers. 2. Bonding costs Bonding refers to contracts that bond agents performance with principal interests by limiting or restricting the agents activity as a result. The cost of this to the manager is the bonding cost. 3.The residual loss Costs incurred from divergent principal and agent interests despite the use of supervise and bonding. However the mana gers discretion is quite limited in practice. There are a number of internal and external solutions to agency costs for shareholders. Internal Well-written contracts batten down that there are fewer opportunities for managers to over consume perks. An external board of directors could be appointed to monitor the efforts and actions of managers. This board would have access to information and healthy legal authority over management.It could thus safeguard information and represent shareholder interests in the company. The board could hire independent accountants to audit the firms financial statements. If the managers dont agree to changes proposed by auditors, the auditors issue a qualified opinion. This signals that managers are trying to hide something, and undermines investor confidence. Compensation packages where the reward to the manager is cerebrate to firm performance. This includes performance related bonuses and the payments of shares and share options. Ambitious, lower managers are a threat to the jobs of inefficient, evading ones. External The lenders of a company also monitor a trust for instance would track the assets, earnings and cash flows of the company it provides a loan to. Managerial labor market Poor managers may not get other job or get a much poorer one. Ultimately the most important indicator to the labor market of managerial performance is share damage. crown Markets A falling share price increases the threat of a take-over, which can often result in redundancies. More concentrated shareholding by outsiders can lead to monitoring by them and improve managerial performance. However there are a few problems with these solutions though, which make it possible for managers to circumvent them to a small extent. In order to keep the share price high, managers may focus more on short term profitability at the cost of long term profitability. They may use gimmicks to temporarily boost the share price and neglect spending on research, development and H. R.They may also provide sub standardised products and cease providing services for old, or relatively less important products in order to contract costs and make a quick profit. This damages the companys reputation, reduces its competitiveness in the future and thus affects long-term shareholder value negatively. While block holders may act as external monitoring machines, they can also have private incentives to go along with management decisions, which may be detrimental to firm performance. Writing better contracts may reduce the problem of asymmetric information, but not fully solve it.This is because the design of such contracts is technically infeasible due to various reasons such as the fuss of foreseeing all future contingencies. Dispersed shareholders often do not exercise the few controlling rights that they have. This leads to a free rider problem where shareholders would prefer to allow other shareholders do the task of monitoring as they cannot ju stify spending on it over the few shares that they each own. In order to resist takeovers, managers may design contracts that compensate them in the event of loss of control due to the takeover.They may also undertake targeted repurchases and devise a poison pill, which changes the fundamental aspects of the unified rules without the knowledge of shareholders. While incentive schemes such as shares and share options are effective, they are still reactive in the sense that they provide no mechanism for preventing mistakes or opportunistic behavior. Managers may continue to focus mainly on quarterly goals rather than the long term as they are allowed to sell the stocks subsequently exercising their options.By focusing on quarterly performance, managers could boost the stock price and avail higher personal profits on their subsequent deal of stock. Managers may also sell their shares as soon as they are high, leading people to think that they lack confidence in their own operations. This may adversely affect share price. Share options also increase the risk of EPS dilution from an increase in shares outstanding. Managers may often window dress financial statements as the company must be seen to perform well in order to improve share valuations.They may report inaccurate information, especially if their short-term rewards surpass their long term ones such as pensions. It also encourages shareholder approval, and so would lead to less backbreaking AGMs. Many managers may hide the true value of assets in order to hide the losses they incurred while buying them. Window dressing also involves managers presenting statistics such that they highlight the perceivably best bits about the companys performance and avoid emphasis on the worst aspects of the previous years business.Other common practices of this include disguising liquidity problems and fraudulent representation of liabilities. This coarse misrepresentation of debts has been seen with Enron in the US, wh ere $billions of long-term liabilities were hidden off the balance sheet. Its executive Jeffery Skiller, initiated the use of mark to market accounting, while hoping to meet Wall Street expectations. Enron in conclusion became bankrupt while its shareholders suffered huge losses. Despite having model board of directors and a talented audit committee, Enrons managers were able to make it attract large sums of capital to fund a questionable business model and hype its stock to unsustainable levels. Worldcom, a telecommunications company in the US, inflated profits by disguising expenses as investing in assets and inflated revenues with bogus accounting entries from bodied, unallocated revenue accounts. In mid 2000, its stock price began to decline and CEO Bernard Ebbers persuaded WorldComs board of directors to provide him corporate loans and guarantees of over $400 million to cover his margin calls on Worldcom stock.The board had hoped that the loans would avert the need for Ebber s to sell the substantial amounts of WorldCom stock that he owned, as this would have further reduced the stocks price. However, the company ultimately went bankrupt and Ebbers was ousted as CEO in April 2002. The shareholders suffered massive losses as they watched World Coms stock price plummet from $60 to less than 20 cents. Thus, we can see that while there is room for managers to indulge in personal wealth maximization, it is quite difficult to do so. Usually, the solutions tend to be adequate enough to correct the conflicts, and restrict managers discretion.

My Son, My Executioner

My Son, My Executioner In the Donald Hall poem, My Son, My Executioner, Hall depicted a return who has grown old, holding their young child in their arms. Hall represent strong imagery of a renderly figure giving up everything to care for his young child. The tone of the poem is both happy and dark. Halls theme showed that erstwhile a per watchword has a child, the parents life is completely changed. My Son, My Executioner is a very well written poem with a deep, true meaning that readers could relate to. The imagery helps Hall depict a arrive caring for their young child.Hall is first telling the reader that the father is with his child. The child seems to be very young because the father takes the child in his arms. I take you in my arms/quiet and small and just astir. This shows that the father cares a lot ab proscribed his child. The father could be taking out time from his day to share this moment with his child. The son, who is in his arms or dissimulation on his lap, s hares the fathers warmth. And whom my body warms. The father expresses how he has to give up himself in order for the son to be happy and healthy. Your cries and hungers document/out bodily decay. Hall is saying when the child is hungry then he must get fed. As time goes on, the father gets older and the roles of father and son are reversed. The dedication has to be there for the parents to raise a happy and healthy child. The tone of this poem is a combination of happiness and darkness. The poem green goddess be seen to have a happy tone that Halls shows well. He writes about the father acknowledging his child as his own. My son. Hall portrays happy images like a father wrapping his arms around his young child. I take you in my arms. The father also makes it known that his presence will live forever in his child.This means the father will always be with the child spiritually. On the other hand, this poem can be taken in a frightful tone. Right from the title, Hall throws a dre ary feeling toward the reader. My son, my executioner. There are words that Hall uses in his poem that show a darker side. And start to come apart together. The reader could interpret these lines as some sort of sick meaning. This poem could either be taken in a happy tone or a dark tone. The main theme Hall is trying to express is that once a person has a child, their lives are changed forever.In the first line, My son, my executioner, is saying that once a child comes into the world, in a sense the parents life is taken away. Yet as morbid as that sounds, the parents life is made eternal through their child forever. The father knows his time is now focused on his son. There is a reversal of roles, as the child gets bigger and stronger, the father gets weaker and will die. Sweet death, small son, our instrument/of immortality. Another problem was that the parents had their child young. That day the child was born, their lives were changed and it will never be the aforementione d(prenominal) again. We twenty-five and twenty-two. In conclusion, Donald Hall portrays a father who has grown old, holding their young child in their arms. . The way Hall used imagery, showed the reader a fatherly figure that gives up everything to care for his son. The tone of the poem was important because it let the reader know that the poem could be seen as happy or dark. The theme showed the readers that once they have a child, their lives are changed forever. My Son, My Executioner is a very well written poem with a deep, true meaning that readers, along with parents, could relate to.

Marketing Applications of Internet Marketing Essay

Internet-based media offer a range of opportunities for marketing products and services across the purchase cycle. Organizations can office online communications such(prenominal) as their tissuesites, third-party websites and email marketing as means of An advertising medium. For example, BP plc and its subsidiary companies, such as Castrol Limited, uses large-format display or interactive ads on media sites to create awareness of brands and products such as fuels and lubricants. A direct-response medium. For example, easyJet uses sponsored links when a user is researching a flight using a search engine to strike them to directly visit the easyJet site by clicking through to it. Similarly the easyJet e-mail newsletter sent to customers can encourage them to click through to a web site to generate sales. A platform for sales transactions.For example, easyJet sells flights online to both consumers and business travellers. A lead-generation method. For example, when BP offers content to business car managers about selecting the best fuel for company cars in order to identify interest from a car fleet manager. A distribution channel. For example, for distributing digital products. This is often specific to companies with digital products to sell such as online music resellers such as Napster (www.napster.com) and Apple iTunes (www.itunes.com) or publishers of written or video content.A customer service mechanism. For example, customers serve themselves on easyJet.com by reviewing frequently asked questions. A relationship-building medium where a company can interact with its customers to better understand their needs and offer them relevant products and offers. For example, easyJet uses its e-mail newsletter and trim alerts about special deals to help keep its customers and engage them in a dialogue to understand their needs through completing surveys and polls.

Use of Alliteration, Assonance, and Cacophony

Candice Scheffing, a student a New Mexico Tech, not to long past sent an electronic mail to the Clark112-list on the subject of gender. She had analyzed an essay by James Q. Wilson called Gender for his intake of rhetorical strategies. Many rhetorical strategies can be seen in the telecommunicate. The rhetorical strategies that can be found are alliteration, assonance, and cacophony. The major rhetorical dodge that Scheffing used was alliteration. The use of alliteration by Scheffing serves to be quite effective in email because it allows her to point out the use of rhetorical strategies by Wilson in his essay.An subject of alliteration used by Scheffing is, A military issue of examples are obvious by means of the first few paragraphs of the essay (1). The alliteration can be seen in the words first and few. Another sample of alliteration in Scheffings work can be seen in this sentence, This reference to nature as having human characteristics is a personification (1). The us e of alliteration in this sentence can be seen in the beginning sounds of having and human that are in a series.A final example of alliteration in Scheffings email is, This statement seems most disturbing to anyone who would read it because it either doesnt make sense, or is believed to be completely wrong (1). The alliteration can be discover in the series of words statement, seems, who, and would. The use of alliteration by Scheffing serves as probably her most useful use of rhetorical strategies. Another rhetorical dodge used by Candice is assonance. Assonance does not serve as a major source of rhetorical strategies, but it still is present in her email.The use of assonance keeps the readers attention somewhat because the email begins to sound like a rhyme as it is read. The first example of assonance in Scheffings email is, It becomes interesting that nature can play tricks on humankind (1). The use of assonance can be seen in the same sounds of nature, play, can, and humanki nd. A second example of assonance in the email is, Two contrasting words, essential and useless are in the same sentence referring to the same group of people males (Scheffing, 1).The assonance is evident in these sounds of same and males. The third example of assonance I have seen in Scheffings email is, These three forms of rhetoric, personification, antithesis and logos are for each one very important keys to the effectiveness of Wilsons essay (1). The use of the words these, three, rhetoric, forms, and important serve as examples of assonance in the email. The final rhetorical strategy employed by Scheffing is cacophony. Candice Scheffing uses another rhetorical strategy, cacophony, to harshly get her point across in her email.According to the website created by Ross Scaife, A Glossary of Rhetorical Terms with Examples, the kernel of Cacophony is harsh joining of sounds (1). An example of Scheffings use of cacophony is, It strikes more interest in the reader because they wan t to discover what Wilson is talking astir(predicate) when he says that males are both essential and useless (1). Another illustration of cacophony can be seen in this sentence, It lets the reader get that he has done his homework on the subject and is prepared to defend his side of the argument (1).As shown in the previous example, Scheffing uses harsh sounds such(prenominal) as s, d, e, and t as a way to keep the readers attention. Candice Scheffing uses the rhetorical strategies of alliteration, assonance, and cacophony to illustrate her point in her email. The point that Scheffing is trying to prove is that Wilson used rhetorical strategies such as personification, antithesis, and logos in his essay. The use of rhetorical strategies in Scheffings email allows her to keep the reader interested in the subject and realize through examples what the subject of her email is all about.

Compare and Contrast of Sonnet 116 and Othello Essay

What is be intimate? Mr. Shakespeare tries his best to tackle this head in Sonnet 116. Stating that true love is not merely a physical attractiveness, because how genius looks is something that goes past in time. Love is everlasting, that it bears it out even to the edge of doom. (Sonnet 116 Lit Book) One can see that Shakespeare has stalwart roots in what he defines as love, besides do his confident beliefs in what love is correspond to the love shown in his play Othello? The love in Othello seems so superficial, but maybe thither is more to it than what one sees while reading it.In Shakespeares Sonnet 116, he shares with the reader what his beliefs in love are. Shakespeare starts by expressing Let me not to the marriage of true minds/ Admit impediments. What he substance by this is that there should be nothing that stops two true minded people from be together. No matter the obstacle, chall(a)enges, or weaknesses, true love can conquer all ailments. He continues to reckon the true love cannot be altered with the withering of looks or physique, by saying Love is not love/ Which alters when it alteration finds.Love does not remove, ever Even when a loved one is disloyal, one cannot stray away from the bounds of that marriage, it is everlasting, It is a lighthouse/ That looks on tempests and is never shaken. He goes on to say that loves worth cannot be calculated, but the height of ones love can be felt.Loves not Times fool, though rosy lips and cheeks/ Within his bending sickles compass fuck off, Shakespeare goes deeper than usual with this line, he says that love is eternal, and cannot be influenced by time and space, but physical beauty is at the mercy of time, and death. Referring the sickle to the scythe of Death, and when death comes, ones beauty pull up stakes be forgotten, but the love you shared, will be remembered forever.Shakespeare defines love something that lasts until the end of ones days, not something that will change over time. Sha kespeare is so confident in his definition of love he ends the poem saying that if I am wrong I take back everything I have ever written, and no soldiery has ever been in love.So does the love portrayed in Sonnet 116 compare to the love shown in Othello? In Othello Othello is in love with and married to Desdemona, but the jealousy placed in him by Iago overtakes him and kills her because hethought she was having an affair with Cassio. So obviously killing the he loves over a rumored affair, does not radiance too kindly on the true affections of Othello towards Desdemona.Shakespeare said in Sonnet 116 that true love will stand through the thick and thin, it will surpass doubts and give you the power to forgive and forget all wrongs your loved one has done. Perhaps it was Othellos quick temper that caused him to act so rashly killing his wife, or maybe it was the constant reminder of Iago of how he could rid these problems by just getting rid of them.Iago play a huge percentage in the death of Desdemona, he is the whole reason that all of this came to happen. Iago plays the role jealousy in Othello one can see this from the very beginning. Very early into the story Iagos jealousy of not getting selected for a promotion enrages him and causes him to hate Othello.

Electromechanical Energy Conversion

Introduction Chapter 3 Electromechanical Energy Conversion Topics to cover 1. Introduction 3. speciality and contortion 5. Friction 2. Electro-Motive pinch (potential) 4. doubly-Excited Actuators 6. automatic Components Introduction (Cont. ) For brawniness conversion amid galvanizing and mechanical forms, electromechanical devices are developed. In usual, electromechanical energy conversion devices female genitals be divided into three categories Transducers (for meter and control), which transform signals of different forms. exemplifications are microphones, pickups, and speakers pressure producing devices (linear exploit devices), which produce commits mostly for linear motion drives, such(prenominal) as relays, solenoids (linear actuators), and electromagnets. Continuous energy conversion equipment, which operate in rotating mode. A device would be cognise as a seed if it convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, or as a motor if it does the opposite wa y around (from electrical to mechanical). Lorentz tweet & EMF Lorentz force is the force on a point charge due to electro magnetised empyreans. It is given by the following equation in terms of the electric and magnetised scopesF ? q(E? v? B) The induced potential difference in a conductor of distance l woful with a speed v in a uniform magnetic vault of heaven of liquidise density B screwing be determined by a e ? ?v? B? ? dl ? b In a coil of N turns, the induced emf thunder mug be calculated by e ? ? Concept map of electromechanical system modeling d? dt where ? is the flux linkage of the coil and the minus sign indicates that the induced current opposes the variation of the field. It makes no exit whether the variation of the flux linkage is a result of the field variation or coil movement. EMF EMF Example EMF in a Linear Actuator Example SolutionSketch L(x) and calculate the induced emf in the excitation coil for a linear actuator shown below. Assuming unnumberabl e permeability for the magnetic pith and ignore the fringing effect, we commode express the self inductance of the coil as L? x ? ? where Rg ? x? ? N2 ?o N 2 l ?d ? x? ? Rg ? x ? 2g L(x) L(0) 2g ?o ? d ? x? l O is the air gap indisposition. ? e? ? N 2l d? d ? Li ? di dL dx di ? ? L ? i =L? x ? ? i o v 2g dt dt dt dx dt dt EMF A wrong-doinggle Conductor in a Uniform Field e ? ? I dc If i=Imsin? t , e? Force and tortuosity Example Solution (Cont. ) If i=Idc , ?o N 2 l 2g ? Im ? Im ?o N 2l 2gFor a single conductor in a uniform magnetic field, we gift v ? d ? x I m cos ? t ? vI m sin ? t ?o N l 2 2g ?o N 2 l 2g d Fm ? Il ? B ?o N 2 l In a rotating system, the tortuousness about an axis can be calculated by 2g d ? x cos? t ? v sin ? t ? ? T? r ? Fm v ? ? ? ? d ? x ? ? ? ? d ? x ? 2 ? 2 ? v 2 cos t ? arctan? ? where r is the radius vector from the axis towards the conductor. B Fm l I X Force and crookedness A by the piece Excited Actuator Consider a singly aroused linear actuator. After a time legal separation dt, we notice that the plunger has moved for a distance dx under the action of the force F.The mechanical operate done by the force acting on the plunger during this time interval is thus dWm ? Fdx Force and Torque A singly Excited Actuator The amount of electrical energy that has been transferred into the magnetic field and reborn into the mechanical work during dt is dWe ? dWf ? dWm dWe ? eidt ? vidt? Ri2dt e ? d? dt ? v ? Ri Because dWf ? dW ? dW ? eidt ? Fdx ? id? ? Fdx e m we obtain From the total differential dW f ? ? , x ? ? ? W f , x ? i? Therefore, ? W f , x ? d? ? and ? W f , x ? ?x F dx ?W f ? ? , x ? ?x Force and Torque Force and Torque A Singly Excited Actuator (Cont. ) A Singly Excited Actuator (Cont. ) From the noesis of electromagnetics, the energy stored in a magnetic field can be expressed as ? Wf ? ? , x? ? ? i? ? , x? d? In the diagram below, it is shown that the magnetic energy is equivalent to the area hig her up the magnetization or ? -i curve. Mathematically, if we define the area underneath the magnetization curve as the coenergy (which does not equal physically), i. e. 0 For a magnetically linear (with a constant permeability or a tasteful line magnetization curve such that the inductance of the coil is independent of the excitation current) system, the above flavor becomes 1 ? Wf ? ?, x? ? 2 L? x? and the force acting on the plunger is consequently F ?Wf ? ?, x? ?x 1 ? ? ? dL? x? 1 2 dL? x? ?i 2 ? L? x? ? dx 2 dx ? 2 we can obtain Wf ? i, x? ? i? ?Wf , x? ? Wf (? , x ) dW f ? i , x ? ? ? di ? id? ? dW f ? ? , x ? ? ? di ? Fdx Therefore, ? ?W f ? i , x ? ?i ? W f ? i , x ? ?i di ? and ?W f ? i , x ? ?x F? dx ? W f ? i , x ? ?x (? , i ) Wf ( i, x ) O i Force and Torque Force and Torque A Singly Excited Actuator (Cont. ) Example 1 Calculate the force acting on the plunger of a linear actuator as shown below. From the definition, the coenergy can be calculated by iWf ? i , x? ? ? ? ? i , x? di ? 0 Wf ? i, x? ? ? (? , i ) Wf (? , x ) For a magnetically linear system, the above expression becomes Rg 1 L? x? i 2 2 Ni Wf ( i, x ) Rg and the force acting on the plunger is then(prenominal) F? ?Wf ? i , x ? ?x 1 dL? x ? ? i2 dx 2 O i (c) Force and Torque Force and Torque Singly Excited Rotating Actuator Solution to Example 1 Assume infinite permeability for the actuator core. The self inductance of the excitation winding can be readily obtained as L? x? ? N 2 ? o N 2l? d ? x? ? 2Rg 2g Therefore, the force acting on the plunger is F? ? Rg Ni ?l 1 2 dL ? x ? 2 i ? ? o ? Ni ? 2 dx 4gThe minus sign of the force indicates that the direction of the force is to reduce the break so as to reduce the vacillation of the air gaps. Since this force is caused by the variation of magnetic reluctance of the magnetic circuit, it is known as the reluctance force. Rg The singly excited linear actuator becomes a singly excited rotating actuator if the linearly mo vable plunger is replaced by a rotor. Through a derivation similar to that for a singly excited linear actuator, one can readily obtain that the torque acting on the rotor can be expressed as the negative partial derivative of the energy stored in the agnetic field against the angular shift key or as the positive partial derivative of the coenergy against the angular displacement. Force and Torque Solution b) Voltage induced Example The magnetically-linear electro-mechanical circuit breaker as shown is singly-excited via a N-turn coil. Its magnetic reluctance varies with the angle ? as R ? Rm? ? R0 , where Rm and R0 are constant. Derive the torque developed by the field from the system co-energy. When the device is excited with a direct current i=I, the angular displacement increases quadratically as ? ?t ? ? 1 ? t 2 ? ?t ? ? 0 , 2 where ? ? and ? 0 are constant. begin the electromotive force induced in the coil . Singly Excited Rotating Actuator Total turns, N = N1 + N2 Fram e reluctance Rf ? rf 2 Gap reluctance Rg ? 2rg ? ? lf 2? 0 ? r wd 2lg ?0rd (2? ? ? ) , 2? ? 760 ? 1. 33 rad Rg(? ) Rcore ?g Rarmature Fm=Ni e(t ) ? ? N 2 IRm (? t ? ? ) R0 ? Rm 1 ? t 2 ? ?t ? ? 0 2 2 ? Singly Excited Rotating Actuator ? Singly Excited Rotating Actuator airgap length, lg = 0. 001 m airgap radius, r = 0. 0745 m airgap depth, d = 0. 0255 m frame length lf = 0. 496 m limb width w = 0. 024 m Singly Excited Rotating Actuator ? (? ) ? T? ? NI R f ? Rg (? ) lf Rf ? 2 ? ? r wd Magnetic flux at equilibrium ? NI ?0 ? ? ? R (? ) ? R f ?g ? ? ?0 NI lf 2 ? 0 ? r wd ? lg ?0rd? ? , Rg ? 2l g ?W f? ? ? ? N2 ? ?, ? R (? ) ? R ? f? ?g dRg dRg 2l g sign(? ) , where ? d? d? ?0 rd (2? ? ? )2 1 2 ? L(? ) 1 2 ? I ?I 2 2 122 ?1 IN 2 ?Rg (? ) ? R f ? 2 2l Rr sign(? ) 1 ? ? I 2N 2 , where Rr ? g 2 2 ?0 rd 4 ?Rg (? ) ? R f ? (2? ? ? ) ?0 rd (2? ? ? ) Restoring Torque ?1, x ? 0 sign ( x ) ? ? 1, x ? 0 NI? 0d lf l ?g 2 ? r w r? Force and Torque Singly Excited Rotating Actuator Singly Ex cited Rotating Actuator (Cont. ) Torque Nm Flux mWb Flux, Torque for 2-pole motorEnergy In g eneral, 1. 5 Coenergy dW f ? id? ? Td ? dW f ? ? di ? Td ? ? i W f ? ? , ? ? ? ? i ? ? , ? ?d ? W f ? i , ? ? ? ? ? ?i , ? ?di ?W f ? ? , ? ? i? ?W f ? ? , ? ? T ?W f ? i , ? ? ?i ?W f ? i , ? ? T? 0 1. 0 mWb, Nm 0. 5 0 If the permeability is a constant, W f , ? ? ? 0. 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 rotor angle 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 1 ? 2 2 L ? 1 ? ? ? dL ? 1 2 dL ? ?i 2 ? L ? ? d ? 2 d? ? ? W f ? i , ? ? ? 2 T? T? 12 i L ? 2 1 2 dL ? i 2 d? Force and Torque Force and Torque Doubly Excited Rotating Actuator Doubly Excited Rotating Actuator (Cont. If a second winding is placed on the rotor, the singly excited actuator becomes a doubly excited actuator. The general principle for force and torque calculation discussed here is equally applicable to multi-excited systems. The differential energy and coenergy run lows can be derived as dW f ? dWe ? dWm where dWe ? e1i1dt ? e2 i2 d t , e1 ? d? 1 dt , e2 ? d ? 2 dt , and dWm ? Td ? Hence, dW f 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? i1d ? 1 ? i2 d ? 2 ? Td ? ? and ? W f 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? W f 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? W f 1 , ? 2 , ? ? d ? 1 ? d ? 2 ? d? 1 2 ? ? dW f ? i1 , i 2 , ? ? ? d i1 ? 1 ? i 2 ? 2 ? W f ? 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? ?1 di1 ? ?2 di 2 ? T d ? ? ? W f ? i1 , i 2 , ? ? Therefore, T ? i1 di1 ? ? W f ? i1 , i 2 , ? ? ?Wf 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? i2 or di 2 ? T? ? W f ? i1 , i 2 , ? ? Force and Torque Doubly Excited Rotating Actuator (Cont. ) Example 3 ? ? L? 1 For magnetically linear systems, ? ? 1 ? ? L11 ? ? ? L ? 2? ? 21 L 1 2 ? ? i1 ? L 22 ? ?i2 ? ? ? i1 ? ? ? 11 ?i ? ? ? ? ? 2? ? 21 or ? 1 2 ? ? ? 1 ? ? 22 ? ? ? 2 ? ? The magnetic energy and coenergy can then be expressed as W f ? ?1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? Therefore, d? ? W f ? i1 , i2 , ? ? Force and Torque and 1 1 2 ? 1 1 ? 12 ? 2 2 ? 2 ? ? 1 2 ? 1 ? 2 2 2 W f ? i 1 , i 2 , ? 1 1 L 1 1 i 12 ? L i 2 ? L 1 2 i1i 2 2 2 22 2 ? W f ? i 1 , i 2 , ? ? 1 2 d L 1 1 ? 1 2 d L 2 2 ? d L 1 2 ? ? i1 ? i2 ? i1i 2 2 2 T ?W f 1 , ? 2 , ? ? ? A magnetically-linear doubly-fed electromechanical actuator has two windings and a mechanical output with spatial rotary displacement ?. The self and mutual inductances of the windings are respectively L11 ? ? 5 ? cos(2? ) mH, L22 ? ? 50 ? 10 cos(2? ) mH, and L12 ? ? L21 ? ? 100 cos? mH. Brushless doubly-fed railway car The counterbalance winding is supplied with i1 = 1. A spell the second winding draws i2 = 20 mA. Determine a) The general electromagnetic torque of the actuator as a function of ? . b) The maximum torque that the actuator can develop. Solution to Example 3 (a) Solution to Example 3 (cont. ) Theenergystoredatthedoubly? fedactuatoris, 1 1 2 2 W f ? L11i1 ? L12 i1i2 ? L22 i2 2 2 1 1 ?3 2 ?3 2 ? (5 ? cos 2? ) ? 10 i1 ? (0. 1cos? )i1i2 ? (50 ? 10 cos 2? ) ? 10 i2 2 2 Theexpressionofelectromagnetictorqueisobtainedasfollows ? ?W f (i1 , i2 ,? ) T ? i1 ? 1. 5, i2 ? 0. 02 ? 2 2 1 ? (i1 L11 ) ? (i1i2 L12 ) 1 ? (i2 L22 ) ? ? ? 2 2 1 1 (1. 5) 2 ( ? 2 sin 2? ) ? 10 ? 3 ? (1. 5)(0. 02)(? 0. 1sin ? ) ? (0. 02) 2 ( ? 20 sin 2? ) ? 10 ? 3 2 2 ?3 ? ? ( 2. 25 sin 2? ? 3 sin ? ) ? 10 Why Magnetic Field? symmetry of Electric and Magnetic Energy Densities in the air gap we ? 0 ? 0 E 2 1 ? ? wm B2 3. 6 ? 10 5 Saturation Flux Density Bs = 2T in commonlyused magnetic materials Air breakdown voltage Ebd=1,000,000 V/m b) Atmaximumtorque, dT ?0 d? DifferentiatingTfrompart(a), 4. 5 cos 2? ? 3 cos ? ? 0 ? 1. 5 cos 2? ? cos ? ? 0 or 1. 5( 2 cos 2 ? ? 1) ? cos? ? 0 Solvingfor? bythequadraticformula, ?=55. 94and153. 25(extraneous)Substitutingthevalueof? intothetorqueexpressionyields, T(max) ? ?(2. 25 sin 2(55. 94) ? 3 sin(55. 94)) ? 10 ? 3 ? ?4. 57 ? 10 ? 3 Nm Electric Machines Electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical motion. The reverse task, that of converting mechanical motion into electrical energy, is accomplished by a generator or dynamo. In many cases the two devices differ only in their application and minor construction details, and some(a) applications use a single device to fill both roles. For example, traction motors used on locomotor often perform both tasks if the locomotive is equipped with ynamic brakes. Introduction Electric Motors Electric Machine disengagement Class DC Motors Universal (DC/AC) AC Motors Induction Synchronous Stepping Motors Brushless DC Motors Coreless DC Motors Linear Motors MEMS Nano Motors A critical factor in the reduced life of electrical equipment is heat. The type of insulation used in a motor depends on the operating temperature that the motor will experience. Average insulation life decreases cursorily with increases in motor internal operating temperatures. Electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical motion Lorentz force on any wire when it is onducting electricity while contained within a magnetic field Rotor rotating part Stator stationary part Armature part of the motor across which the voltage is supplied MaglevMagnetic Levitation deuce-ace phase AC induction motors rated 1 Hp (750 W) and 25 W with small motors from CD player, chat up and CD/DVD drive reader head traverse DC Generators / Dynamos AC Generators / Alternators As the first electrical generator capable of delivering power for industry, the dynamo uses electromagnetic principles to convert mechanical rotation into a thump direct electric current through the use of a commutator.Without a commutator, the dynamo is an example of an alternator, which is a coexisting singly-fed generator. With an electromechanical commutator, the dynamo is a classical direct current (DC) generator. The DC generator can operate at any speed within mechanical limits besides always outputs a direct current waveform. mechanically skillful energy is used to rotate the coil (N turns, area A) at uniform angular velocity ? in the magnetic field B, it will produce a sinusoidal emf in the coil permanent wave Magnet DC Generators d? d ? ? ( NBA cos ? ) dt dt ? NBA? sin ? t e(t ) ? ? http//micro. magnet. fsu. edu/electromag/java/generator/dc. tml automotive alternator Rotor emf and current are induced by rotating magnetic field http//micro. magnet. fsu. edu/electromag/java/generator/ac. html Mechanical Components Mechanical Components Mass and Inertia The mechanical component which stores kinetic energy is a freshet in a translational system, and a moment of inertia in a rotational system. Mass and Inertia (Cont. ) The kinetic energy stored by a mass woful at a velocity v, or a moment of inertia rotating at an angular speed ?. can be calculated by ? x M T F J Wk ? 1 Mv2 2 d? d 2? T? J 2 ? J dt dt dv d 2x F? M ?M dt 2 dt 1 J? 2 2 (translational system) rotational system) Comparing with the relationships of voltage, current, and magnetic energy in an inductor V? L By the Newtons second law, we have Wk ? or di dt and WL ? 1 Li2 2 we whitethorn regard a mass or a moment of inertia as an inductor which store s magnetic energy, if we let J? L M? L or Mechanical Components Mechanical Components Springs An ideal spring is a device with negligible mass and mechanical losses, whose deformation is a single-valued function of the applied force or torque. A linear ideal spring has deformation proportional to force or ? 1 torque. Springs (Cont. ) For a given distortion of x and ? the potential energy stored in a spring is 1 1 W p ? ? Td ? ? K ? 2 W p ? ? Fdx ? Kx 2 T x1 F ? K ? x 1 ? x o ? ? Kx (linear spring) (torsional spring) Comparing with the relationships of electric charge, voltage and electric energy in a capacitor Q V? C F 2 2 WC ? and 1 1 Q2 VQ ? 2 2C we may regard a spring as an electric capacitor which stores electric potential energy, if we let T ? K 1 ? ?o ? ? K ? K? 1 C Friction Friction clay sculptureling Friction force that opposes the relative motion or temperament of such motion of two surfaces in contact. Friction between the two objects converts kinetic energy into hea t.Coefficient of clangoring (Frictional coefficient) dimensionless scalar value which describes the ratio of the force of clangour between two bodies and the force pressing them together, inevitably not be less than 1 under good conditions, a tire on concrete may have a coefficient of clangor of 1. 7. Static clang (stiction) occurs when the two objects are not moving relative to each other Rolling friction occuring when one object rolls on another (like a cars wheels on the ground), is stiction as the patch of the tire in contact with the ground, at any point while the tire spins, is stationary relative to the ground.Kinetic (or dynamic) friction occurs when two objects are moving relative to each other and rub together Sliding friction is when two objects are rubbing against each other. Fluid friction is the friction between a solid object as it moves through a liquid or a gas. The drag of air on an airplane or of water on a natator are two examples of fluid friction. Lu-Gre sit down (1995) ? 0 , ? 1 bristles stiffness and damping coefficient ?2 viscous friction FC , F S ampere-second and Stribeck friction ? F f ? ? 0 z ? ? 1z ? ? 2v ? z? v? v z g (v ) 2 1 g (v ) ? FC ? ( F S ? FC ) e ? v / v S ) ?0 Mechanical Components Mechanical Components Damper The mechanical damper is analogous to electrical resistor in that it dissipates energy as heat. An ideal damper is a device that exhibits no mass or spring effect and exerts a force that is a function of the relative velocity between its two parts. A linear ideal damper has a force proportional to the relative velocity. In all cases a damper produces a force that opposes the relative motion of the two parts. Mechanical friction occurs in a variety of situations under many different physical conditions.Sometimes friction is unwanted but must be tolerated and accounted for analytically, as, for example, in bearings, sliding electrical contacts, and the aerodynamic drag on a moving body. In other cases fr iction is desired and is designed into equipment. Examples are vibration dampers and shock absorbers. d ? x2 ? x1 ? dt dx ?B dt F? B ? B? R d 2 ? ?1 ? dt d? ?B dt T? B Damper (Cont. ) Mechanical Components Mechanical Components Damper (Cont. ) The damping due to Coulomb friction, as shown by the characteristic, can be regarded as a nonlinear resistor, which can keep the voltage across it to be constant.The Coulomb friction force can be expressed as Damper (Cont. ) There is another kind-hearted of damping caused by the drag of a viscous fluid in turbulent flow. 2 F ? ? Bs d x2 ? x1 dt F ? ?d Fn ? ? d Fn d ? x2 ? x1 ? dt ? ? ? Bs dx dt d ? x2 ? x1 ? dt ? 2 ? R ? B s dx dt dx dt ? dx dt or T ? ? Bs d 2 ? ?1 ? dt Comparing with V=RI, we may conclude that ?F R? d n dx dt ? ? ? Bs d? dt ? ? 2 2 ? R ? B s d ? dt MR Dampers as a semi-active device MR Damper New Models Non-symmetrical Model (2007) ? F ( x) ? c0 x ? ko ( x ? x0 ) ? ?z ? ? ? z ? (? ? ( ? ? ? sign( zx) z ) x n hysteres is variable, ? , ? , ? , ? , n, c0 , k0 model parameters Bouc-Wen Model ? F ( x ) ? c0 x ? k o ( x ? x0 ) ? ? z ? ? ? ? z ? ? ? z x z n ? 1 ? ? x z n ? ? x z hysteresis variable , ? , ? , ? , ? , n , c 0 , k 0 model parameters Static Hysteresis Model (2006) ? F ( x) ? cx ? kx ? ?z ? f 0 ? z ? tanh( ? x ? sign( x)) z hysteresis variable, ? , ? , f 0 , c, k model parameters Minimally-Parameterised Model (2007) ? F G ( x ) ? D ( x ), F ( x) ? ? 1 ? F2 G ( x ) ? D ( x ), b G ( x) ? a ? ? 1 ? exp ( cx ) ? D ( x ) ? rexp? ( x / 2? ) 2 ? 0 x ? 0, x

Developmental need of children from ages 0-8 years Essay

Development is the process of learning new skills and abilities. A churls development is the edge given to the development of infants by childhood. Although alone children allow for go through the same stages of development, not all of them forget go through these stages at the same epoch. Childs development can be measured by the 5 key stages of development which argon emotional, social, physical, language and intellectual. A child bequeathing go through these stages of development in the root-class honours degree eight obsolescent age of their lives. Childs development relies heavily on their growth through their growth their developmental stages evolve significantly.Physical Development0-2 historic periodAfter a baby is born physical contact begins when they lie on their backs, they be besides inclined to snatch their heads to sounds and movements. By six months when they hear their name they turn around to see who is around, they can touch their toes and place their fingers, smile at long-familiar faces. They are equal to put things in their mouth. As the child grows of age(p) they ex hightail it more agile and will be up to(p) to crawl and shuffle around and may even attempt to walk unaided, raise their arms to be lifted, able to reach and hold diet in their hand. At two they should be in the early stages of walking and inseminateing themselves. They become really independent at this age.3-5 yearsWithin the ages of 3 to 5 the stages of child development get stronger. At this point they will subscribe been able to walk up and down the stairs, catches a gently impel ball, learns how to paint and names of colours, aiming them. At the age of four a child with live with mastered pedalling their bikes, they are aware that this is how it is manoeuvred. They will be able to throw with aim. By the age of five the child will be able to copy shapes and letters, turn in more self control with their committal to writing instruments. 5-8 yearsBy the time the child is between the ages of five and eight they will have developed immensely. Their concentration levels will have developed. They become more accustomed to discipline within an educational setting, their skills for drawing will have enhanced now knowing to colour between thelines and their drawing will more resemble the objects they are trying to create.Intellectual Development0-2 yearsWithin the early months a child will derive eye contact and focus on objects, they will also learn the sound of their mothers voice. By six months the will be developing their co-ordination they will be reaching out with their hands to grasp an object offered to them. By twelve months they shall be developing their memory and will have the dexterity to remember thing such as a familiar face a favourite mulct or comforter. They will also express emotions crying and laughing if others around do so they will express their emotions without knowing why. At the age of two a ch ild will be mirthful themselves with pretend play with favourite toys they have and will adapt to making sounds from a compartmentalisation of instruments.3-5yearsAt the age of three a child will develop the stage of pretend play and become more complex. Their concentration span will increase their memory will be developing actually quickly. They will then be able to relate and understand ancient and future. By the age of five they will have a great understanding of numeracy and literacy, learning to count confidently. At this age they tend to become very curious and inquisitive and ask endless question, always needing to know about things.5-8 yearsBy the time a child reaches this age they will be very independent. Their reading and writing skills will have progressed and advanced immensely. They will have developed in their drawings now resembling objects they want, they will be developing intellectually every day adjusting to education in a stronger sense than in their sooner years.Language Development0-2 yearsBabies are save capable of expressing their language through crying, cooing and gurgling within the first 3 months, as they get older they become more expressive, responding to sound, laughing and imitating other sounds or noises. Although only and infant and unable to form sentences yet babies will begin mimicking animal noises or saying unpaired words such as (mama ordada). By the time a child is two it is mentation that they have a vocabulary of almost 50 words. Children of this age will begin to talk at a rapid speed and are said to enjoy taking part in conversations.3-5 yearsChildren from the age of three shall now be able to speak in sentences expressing their vocabulary using past and present tenses without understanding that they are doing so. They enjoy hearing stories and listening to music at this age. By the time they are four they are likely to become very inquisitive asking a variety of questions about different things.5-8 yearsThe childs vocabulary will have increased significantly. They are very confident speakers and will have a great understanding of many words although they may not always use them. By eight years old they will be able to give accurate descriptions and should be able to recognise similarities.Emotional Development0-2 yearsWithin the first few months of an infants life they will show many expressions and shall be able to identify their mother and fathers voice. They thrive through interaction and are very trusting and they enjoy the contact with others. By the time a child is a year old it will be used to familiar faces and will become extremely wary of unfamiliar faces and may become distressed in their company. They also imitate the feelings of other people not knowing the reason why they are copying their reactions. When the child is two they develop fears and phobias such as fear of the dark or spiders. The child sense of individuation progresses rapidly at this point.3-5 yearsThey ar e more aware of their feelings and emotions at this stage they are able to express how they feel. Increase in imagination. They are accepting to other peoples feelings and capable of conceal their own emotions. By the age of five as child will be very close at controlling their emotions.5-8 yearsShowing signs of competitiveness. Arguments emerge through competitiveness, either with siblings or students which will chafe the child more stubborn and demanding. Mood changes start to appear by the age of eight. Less arguments as they become more mature. Children depend greatly on peer approval becoming accepted is exceedingly rated at this age.Social Development0-2 yearsBabies are very accessible. They like to know and participate in whats going on around them. They enjoy company immensely. They may also begin to feed themselves as their social skills begin to develop. By the time a child is a year old they will have become less dependent on interaction as they will have learned to play alone. At the age of two they will be very independent and will insist on dressing and feeding themselves.3-5 yearsCapable of making friends and learning how to share and take a leak turns. At this age they will resort to tantrums if they do not get their own way. Enjoy socialising. exercise friendships. By the age of five they will have made a function of friends. They will have a great understanding of whats right and wrong.5-8 yearsMay become less sociable and may wish to spend more time alone. May have a vast number of friends to whom they may fall in and out of company with. Prefer to surround themselves with trusted companions. As their authority grows they will find their place in the social circle to which they are comfortable with.

Group Process Paper

Doing this project on India together with Laura, Patrick, and Tsukasa has been truly satisfying. I normally do not like to survive in groups because I end up doing everything however this project was rattling an exception. It was a very interesting project in which you learn a lot not just from the assigned country but from the teammates. I was pretty frequently the leader by establishing dates and meetings, and assigning part to everyone. Still, everyone cooperated equally and very responsibly.Patrick always had good and interesting information to share, Tsukasa did a superb effort and did her work best as she could, and Laura aided tremendously with the powerpoint presentation. Each team member was very committed and motivated, as well as optimistic. I am glad that we never had any type of conflicts we pretty much seemed to bond and agree on everything. I guess this is not the typical team project you usually have to do. Beyond that, it is an opportunity to bond and get to kn ow your teammates in a deep way.We were very lucky to all be international students and nothing against Americans, but I prefer it We even went for dejeuner once and talked a lot about Germany, Japan, and the Dominican Republic. If I had to choose a team for a class project, I would choose my team without thinking about it twice. It was a fun, and interactive project with elegant teammates. We all learned together about India, as well as from our different cultures

Holmes and Longfellow

1. What metaphors does Holmes use to describe the institutionalise in stanzas one and two of Old Ironsides? In the first stanza, he speaks of a meteor of the ocean air, which I assume compares the gravy boat to a great and speedy force. In the second stanza, he says that the ship is the eagle of the sea, which compares it to the bailiwick bird and shows its strength and dignity. 2. In 1830, the 44-gun American warship Constitution, the inspiration for Old Ironsides, was scheduled to be scrapped that is, stripped of everything valuable or reasonable.What proposal is put forth by Holmes, in the last stanza of his poetry? It would be better for her to be put to sea and sunk. 3. What do you think Holmes wants the ship to symbolize? The ship symbolizes the strength, dignity, and pride of a nation. 4. The term, Harpies, in line 15 of Old Ironsides is an altogetherusion to predatory flying creatures in Hellenic mythology, which have bodies of vultures and heads of wowork force. The name meant snatchers or robbers. Why do you think that Holmes uses this allusion in his meter?Harpies would lure ships and men to their deaths and scavenge the ship, just as the people who are assigned to strip the boat. 5. In Longfellows The soar upwards Rises, The Tide Falls, how does the title foreshadow the fact the traveler will not return? The rising and falling of the heave shows a constant cycle of coming and going, just as the traveler will. 6. Do you think Longfellows poem is about one specific traveler, or could it apply to all in general? Explain your answer. It applies to all because all travelers go through thw hardships of coming and going. . Personification is a figure of speech in which an end or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes. Cite an example of Longfellows use of personification in The Tide Rises, The Tide Falls. The twilight darkens, curlew calls 8. How does the division into stanzas reflect the passage of time in the poem? use Stan za One presents twilight darkening into night. What do stanzas two and terzetto represent? Stanza two represents heavy darkness, and stanza three represents daybreak.

Harley Davidson Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Harley Davidson Company - Essay eccentricA value chain analysis is the analysis of the activities that take place in this company that gives it a competitive favour everywhere those in the same industry. Michael Porter identified that all companies have capital and support activities that help in developing their core competencies in the industry. This analysis is a useful gumshoe for defining a secures core competencies by identifying the cost advantage and differentiation. Cost advantage primary objective is comprehending costs and getting them from the value adding processes. There ar several cost drivers colligate to the value chain processes, Harley Davidsons economies of scale, its capacity utilization, level of vertical integration, marketplace entry timing, its geographic location and the firms policies regarding cost management. When these drivers of costs are properly managed, the company obtains a cost advantage over its competitors. Differentiation focuses on tho se related with core competencies that help the company attain an edge in performance. The uniqueness drivers for a company is made up of integration, location, interrelationships, scale and institutional factors. To achieve different degrees of differentiation, the company may amalgamate frontward, recede or implement novel technologies and use advanced delivery channels. SWOT abbreviation Harley Davidson derives its strengths from the corporate culture, corporate resources and corporate structure. In their corporate culture, the company empowers their employees by building relationships for promoting stronger bonds between the croak management and employees. The cooperate structure is composed of overlapping functions that embody the marketing and sales departments. The functional clique in the structure is named the Leadership and strategy council(LSC) Model. This circle facilitates decision making in the firm. The corporate resources are also a source of their strength and a re represented by the marketing department, finance, research and development, HRM department, public presentation and logistics and their information systems. Their strengths are derived from all these departments performing their roles in product offering. For example, the marketing department has created a receding in the market for those customers who have a preference for heavyweight motorcycles, their prices are affordable for customization as strong as personalization of the bikes. They have opened business branches around the world, and the customer capacity is large. The human resource has sceptered the workforce by motivation. Their weakness remains in the reality that it needs to upsurge its sale so that they can retain their market share in the U.S especially at this economic slump. Recently it has been losing the market share due to the failing economy. The research and development department needs to design environmental genial motorcycles. The current society is e mpowered to conserve the environment and a lot of people want to grease ones palms products that are friendly to their surroundings. Their information system did not use their systems properly to manufacture energy providence motorcycles. From the weaknesses lies the opportunities for the company to identify and formulate strategies that will help it achieve a competitive edge against the

Explain how and why the LIGHT BULB works Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Explain how and why the LIGHT BULB works - Essay ExampleTo regard how the fall bulb works one needs to know the basic physics behind light energy. Light is the energy that atoms release. It is composed of small particles or energy packets. These particles have momentum and have zero mass. These argon called photons and constitute the basic unit of light. When an atom releases photons, it indicates that the electrons in that atom have become sore or possess a higher level of energy. Electrons are negatively charged particles and orbit virtually the nucleus of an atom. These electrons have set orbital pattern an atom has different levels of these orbits.Each electron revolves in fixed orbit based on the energy it possesses.1 The speed and distance from the nucleus also unyielding on which level an electron revolves. The general convention is when an electron possesses higher energy level it is upgrade away from the nucleus. In principle when an atom loses or gains energy this e nergy change is exhibited through the motions of the electrons. An electron might get a temporary boost in its energy level and jump to a higher orbit.This action is temporary, and an electron holds this position for merely a fraction of a second. And in an flash bulb it returns to its original position. When an electron returns to its lower energy level, it releases this extra energy or a photon this is the fundamental principle of what goes on inside lightbulb. To understand how this phenomenon is implemented in this tool we need to look at the organize of the lightbulb.Lightbulb has a simple structure. It has two metal contacts at the base connecting the ends of an electrical circuit. The metal contacts are connected to two stiff wires that are attached to a thin metal filament. This filament sits in the middle of the bulb supported by a glass mount. This filament and the connecting wires are surrounded by a glass bulb2. The glass bulb has no oxygen in it (Nobleman, 2003).

Consequences of a college student cheating on exams Essay

Consequences of a college assimilator frauding on exams - Essay ExampleHowever, cheating comes with its consequences, many of which can prove to be subtle to the learning and future forethoughter of a college school-age child. College students have as many reasons as to why they cheat as they have methods to cheat. Some of the most common reasons as to why college students claim to cheat acknowledge not having enough time to study, the material was too hard to understand and they did not want to render tutoring, and they had other stressful things passing on in their lives that they could not possibly find time to care about studying. So, being unprepared for their exams, they prepare instead to cheat. They bring in sheets containing notes, facts, and even answers they copy bronco buster students some even obtain the actual test and simply memorize the answers. College students can get seminal with how they cheat. However, if they put the same amount of effort into prepari ng for their tests, they would not have to rely on cheating. The consequences of cheating in college are a lot different and more intense than consequences of cheating in elementary school, or even in high school. ... When a college student is caught cheating on an exam, the first course of act that is taken is that they not only receive a failing grade on that exam, but they commonly receive a failing grade for the entire course. This is d unrivalled for a variety of reasons. First and foremost, if the student was willing to cheat on an exam, there is nothing to suggest that they were honest with any of their work prior to taking the exam. Also, by cheating on the exam, they show that they are not serious about their education as a college student. When a student receives a failing grade for the class, they are often removed from the class and are not refunded their money for the remainder of the course (Noah & Eckstein 104). In the case that the class is a core class and is th erefore required, the student usually faces the consequence of not being accepted keystone into that class in a later semester. Next, the student is brought before the student disciplinal board of their university. The disciplinary board will make the decision of what should happen next to the student. In most cases, if this is the students first time being caught cheating, they are put on academic probation, which can vary from one semester or until they graduate. Their grades are monitored, and they often have to take their tests alone and under strict supervision of a designated instructor. If they are caught cheating again, or if the person brought before the board is a repeat offender, the student is expelled from the college. erst a student has been caught cheating numerous times and are then expelled from their school, it becomes difficult to find other college that will take them because their record of cheating will follow them wherever they go. No other college is goin g to be